Starch Amylose Amylopectin

Disaccharides Sucrose Lactose

Monosaccharides Glucose Galactose Fructose

Carbohydrates originate as products from carbon dioxide and water by photosynthesis,

nCO2 + nH2O (+ reducing agents and energy from photon [sunlight]) → ADP + CnH2nOn + nO2

where ADP is (Adenosine diphosphate).

 

There are three main forms of carbohydrate that have nutritional significance—starch, sucrose, and lactose.

Starch is found in cereals, in breads, and in starchy vegetables such as potatoes.